Say-on-Pay Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

State on-Pay - Essay Example Furthermore, will it decrease the circumstances where pay for disappointment takes place?† Investors are the proprietors of some random firm or organization and the enthusiasm of the tasks of the firm is consistently at their heart. They would not wish to affect contrarily on the firm’s execution whenever, as this is probably going to convert into misfortunes. Besides, this is certifiably not a decent occurring for investors as they are keen on the profits that their speculations are probably going to bring. A discussion on the part of state on-pay is much set up since it has become an every day action among financial specialists to lay keep an eye on their representatives. Most organizations are today acting to guarantee that the exhibition of their representatives is similar to the profits they anticipate. Also, phenomenal execution results from a representative; this relies upon how they are dealt with regarding their government assistance, compensation and workplace. This examination in its endeavors to react to the announcement set down above needs to experience a progression of testing methods of the theory. This will include an investigation on the postulation; the examination will adopt changed strategies and techniques. Since the training is still new, it implies there are no satisfactory auxiliary information thus perceptions of the couple of organizations, which have utilized the training, would help us in making derivations about the brought up issues. Severe guidelines must be set down against official remuneration; this is on the grounds that without this the official are equipped for stealing shareholders’ reserves. The way that administrators regularly exploit the detachment that exists between the proprietorship and the administration exacerbates this even. In this way, such an investigation is significant for the accompanying reasons. One, the investigation will give us the unmistakable relationship that exists among pay and execution. In addition, methodologies or required changes are suggested simultaneously. The examination will likewise eliminate any confusion air with respect to whether there is any huge change when investors lead a democratic framework to

Human Trafficking Essay -- Ethical Issues, Gang, Mafia

An ounce of cocaine, discount: $1 ,200. You can sell it just a single time. A lady or youngster is $50 to $1,000 however you can sell her every day, consistently, again and again and over once more. The markup is tremendous. (Human Trafficking) says David Sutherland who plays Bill Meechan an ICE operator in Lifetime's film Human Trafficking. The purchasing and selling of people is an age old issue that has dated as far back as 1750 B.C. Despite the fact that subjection is unlawful in the United States, we despite everything see it occurring in our own towns and urban areas all through America. Every year there are more than 20,000 lady and kids wrongfully imported over the United States fringes for household and sex subjection. Laws, some new, and numerous that have been around for many a long time, have been passed and affirmed by congress to ensure our normal rights. So as to lighten cases of human dealing and sex subjugation, society all in all must request that government be harsher, increasingly strategic and forceful to battle this extraordinary abhorrence (Landesman 1), as President Bush alluded to it. There should be more cash in the hands of migration what's more, naturalization to control our outskirts better, and greater government financing in training to bring issues to light of human dealing for our own security and for the assurance of people Kevin Bales, President of Free the Slaves (a not-for-profit association to help the people in question of human dealing) appraises that today there are more than 20,000 ladies and youngsters every year dealt across United States fringes. It is said that at some random time there are an expected 30,000-50,000 individuals being held in imprisonment in the United States (Landesman 4). The ladies also, youngsters that are bound into this wiped out and tw... ...nd kids dealt over the world. At any given time there are more than 30,000 casualties of this extraordinary malice. Simply the measure of ladies stuck in bondage inside the United States is more than the sum dealt around the world. This is an unfathomable issue socially, financially, and ethically. These ladies are tormented, intellectually furthermore, genuinely, day by day for whatever length of time that they can toward the end in this capture. Every year there is an Mease 8 - , assessed 7 billion dollars earned in shadow showcase. This cash is utilized for drugs, groups, mafia, viciousness, and different kinds of household servitude. Helps and numerous different infections are likewise spread on account of this issue. There is literally nothing positive that would ever originated from human dealing. Together residents and specialists of government can battle this issue with the apparatuses of instruction and government financing.

An investigation of mediating effects on the core-self evaluation and Assignment

An examination of interceding impacts on the center self assessment and hierarchical duty relationship - Assignment Example The choices including profession arranging should be done carefully with accentuation given on singular qualities, shortcomings, abilities, intrigue territories, inspirational angles and mental appraisal of the necessary employment. The portfolio will manage all the individual perspectives and assessment plans which can legitimize my key qualities and abilities in securing the correct position according to my expert capacities. CV The creation of Curriculum Vitae is the initial step of the Personal Development Plan which features the key territories of intrigue, aptitudes and ability of an individual. The most ideal method for building a CV is to make it short, exact and stress on the focuses which matters the most to the organizations like key specialized topics, work involvement with managing indicated areas. Educational program VITAE Steven Paul Birmingham, UK Cell telephone: (+44) 7831310254 E-mail: spaul@yahoo.com OBJECTIVE Knowledge Acquisition and a learning drive are the pers uading components of my expert life which has helped me build up my expert objectives and desire. I am anticipating a full time chance to work in a unique business condition. Individual ATTRIBUTES Excellent relational and relational abilities Ardent devotee to cooperation. Solid Management capacities and experience to lead large groups. Task commencement and advancement. Self-propelled, persevering and dependable Hunger to learn and get new aptitudes, techniques and methods Computer abilities: MS Office, MS Projects, Tally WORK EXPERIENCE 2007 till Date KPMG Project Leader Led a group of 10 individuals doing review for customer Held ordinary gatherings with group for work evaluation Gave Power Point introductions to the administration for ventures being completed all the time. ACHIEVMENTS/CERTIFICATES 2010 Diploma confirmation in Hedge Funds 2006 Certification in Science from Heritage Institute of Technology 2005 School Topper EDUCATION 2008-2010 Masters of Business and Administrati on from Durham University with specialization in Finance. 2005-2008 Bachelors in Science from University of Wales LANGUAGES Able to talk familiar English and French HOBBIES Reading; Playing sports REFERENCES: Available upon demand Covering Letter To, The Human Resource Head Home Retail Group London, United Kingdom Sub: Application for the situation of Financial Analyst Sir, This is to advise you that I wish to offer my candidature for the post of budgetary investigator. I am a MBA from Durham University with major in Finance. My key zone of specialization is that of an administration expert. I have great space information on tasks and coordinations which I consolidate with my money related ability to mention to the administration what might be the right advance forward. I have done long stretches of research in Durham University which has helped my motivation with enough industry experience. I might want to be allowed a chance to give an introduction to you where I can show my quali ties and answer business related inquiries of yours. Expressing gratitude toward You, Yours really, Steven Paul Job Market The world market was under downturn in 2008 when the economy was in breaks with the top financial firms crumbling because of monetary emergency which was to a greater degree an arrangement disappointment with colossal money related credits given being unrecoverable. This had put the economy under serious downturn and my firm was likewise saving competitors. From that stage the economy has recouped thus has the activity advertise. The present place of employment advertise in the bookkeeping segment in 2012 has again observed a lift contrasted with the plunge

The Comparison Of MKL and Malcolm X - Free Essay Example

While MLKs letter tends to white conservatives and Malcolm Xs discourse tends to members of the African American people group, they each are attempting to discover to upgrade the lives of African Americans by utilizing inciting disfavor in their gathering of people. Dr. Ruler bodes well disgrace about not satisfying both their otherworldly and moral commitments to the development. By summoning the scriptural principles of Christianity and Judaism, the talk of the letter makes the gathering of people involvement as despite the fact that they are neglecting to live in understanding to their confidence. He starts to do this in the second passage of the letter. There, Dr. Ruler interfaces himself with Christianity through uncovering that he is the leader of the SCLC and associated with the Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights. Such associations are vital on the grounds that they remind his peruser that he shares their confidence. He looks at his situation to the Apostle Paul, taking note of Like Paul, I should constantly answer to the Macedonian call for help (King 1). He additionally makes a similarity of his predicament to that of Jesus. While tending to allegations that he is a fanatic, he asks Was not any more Jesus a radical in affection? (King 4). With these two analogies, Dr. Lord adjusts the Civil Rights Movement to the abuse of Jesus and the wants of St. Paul. For a non-common crowd, such an arrangement would make them question any reservations that they have about the development. In this manner, it is verifiable that individuals who cant help contradicting Dr. Lords objectives and systems are not abiding as indicated by their confidence. MLKs references to religious researchers and his verbalization of his error in the religious system are used to induce disrespect. Dr. Lord references St. Thomas Aquinas and Martin Burber intentionally. Since these researchers may now not be as ordinary for the reliably Christian or Jew, Dr. Ruler uses them to demonstrate his information of confounded non standard precepts, thusly setting himself in an unrivaled position. These references further pressure the misleading quality of approaching individuals who are searching for fundamental social freedoms to delay. At whatever point arranged researchers share his dispute that injustice of any kind is a moral floundering, by then his gathering of spectators may request their viewpoint of the Social Liberties Development and feel humiliated about their powerlessness to encourage the improvement. Perhaps the most huge logical gadget that is proposed to reason disfavor is his disposition of dissatisfaction in the white focus portrayal orga nize. He gives the remaining two pages of the letter to clearing up his disappointment. To be in a circumstance to out and out disappointment prescribes that he and his feelings are morally overwhelming. Thusly, his appearance of disappointment is a kind of decry that burdens that any activity towards his ability is at present not in staying aware of significant precept and need to cause disfavor. Dr. Ruler makes use of standard illustrative equipment that make his target advertise feel disapproval moreover. For example, he counters ensures that he is damaging laws by using helping his social event to remember individuals that Hitlers lead was once genuine, anyway degenerate. The evaluation to Hitler is high bore as a result of the truth only twenty years after the finish of WWII, Americans consider Hitler to be the end event of insidiousness. Along these lines, the planned intrigue gathering would be frightened to be in any way to considered to him. The Hitler connection makes the gathering of spectators feel disgrace that they are more connected with what is legal offense than in what is morally right. Finally, the discussion affects disfavor without ability to stay up to the rules of our nation. Dr. Ruler references Americas setting up dads. He illuminates that We [African Americans] will win our chance in light of the fact that the blessed heritage of our state and the eve rlasting will of God are embodied in our resonating solicitations (5). This is gigantic due to the truth it helps the social event to remember individuals that a need to frustrate African Americans and the name for African Americans to take transport of unfaltering freedom is opposite to the models whereupon this kingdom used to be built up, as authentically as reverse to the Judeo-Christian custom. By evaluating their political commitment and their reluctance to shield themselves rationally and mentally, Malcolm X, similar to Martin Luther King, disgraces his intended interest group with the end goal to rouse them to enhance their lives. By examining their political duty and their hesitance to watch themselves judiciously and rationally, Malcolm X, like Martin Luther King, disfavors his planned intrigue aggregate with the true objective to energize them to improve their lives. From the get-go in his talk, Malcolm X makes his African American target gathering of on lookers experienc e humiliated about their outwardly disabled complicity in their very own unique maltreatment through Americas political system. He pronounces that the Democrats have gotten the organization sewed up, and youre [African Americans] the individual who sewed it up structure them. Likewise, what have they given you for it? Four years in office, and a couple of moments back getting around to some social uniformity order (X 27). Here, he is attempting to look good inept about their assistance for law based government authorities like John F. Kennedy and Lyndon Johnson. Malcolm Xs proposal is that the democrats earned African American votes by methods for control and rejected the needs and needs of that hoard once picked. He needs African Americans to experience humiliated about being used as pawns. He besides condemns the Johnson association. He fights that Johnson is in cahoots with his buddy Richard Russell, a staunch foe to social freedoms control (X 27). He furthermore battles that the y are strolling a con preoccupation and playing with African American voters (X 27). The words cahoots and con redirection are the two articulations related with offense (Malcolm X 27). Along these lines, he sets these administrators as wrongdoers, and he gives his proposed intrigue assemble a job as silly individuals who inadvertently supportive resource guilty parties. Likewise, the likelihood that the African American voters is being performed besides exhibits a nonappearance of multifaceted nature and guilelessness in that social occasion. These are each quality for which, he recommends, they be humiliated. Be that as it may, Minister Malcolm scorns standard social uniformity activists, making them feel humiliated about what he sees as their misled undertakings to search for social balance through the political system. He calls African Americans who have been related with the standard Social freedoms Development tissue heads (X 31). This term is tremendous in light of the way that it was a severe term used to depict African Americans who were obliging to white master and willing to recognize a below average position. He anticipates that this attack will make normal rights pioneers, some of whom were accessible when he gave this talk, and moreover the customary people who admire them feel that the present social freedoms inspiration isnt dynamic enough. He ponders these social occasions to frail people who recognize fair conditions; he needs them to feel humiliated about their weakness. Malcolm X in like manner declares that we dont intend to let them [mainstream social freedoms leaders] pussyfoot and delay and exchange off any more (31). Essentially, he accuses the pioneers for putting off or blocking progress. Like the control that Martin Luther Ruler states when he disfavors white preservationists and church pioneers, Malcolm Xs ask for that he is more strong and along these lines more grounded exhibits his power and additionally underscores what he sees as the disgracefulness of their gradualist position. He continues with his usage of non-genuine request by asking How may you thank a man for giving you whats starting at now yours? How by then would you have the capacity to express profound gratitude to him for giving you simply bit of whats currently yours? You havent made progress, if whats being given to you, you should have starting at now (X 31). By rehashing the dilemma of the social equity fight in its minimum complex edge, he makes the social freedoms arrange have all the earmarks of being disgracefully ludicrous and silly. Malcolm X disgraces individuals who are hesitant to address the physical and mental dangers caused by prejudice. He clarifies The ticket or the slug. In case youre reluctant to utilize an articulation like that, you ought to get out of the nation, you ought to get back in the cotton fix, you ought to get back in the rear way (X 28). He makes the gathering of people feel embarrassed about their reluctance to forfeit everything to the battle against racial persecution if important. He adjusts such reluctance to the cotton fix, which is intended to conjure pictures of subjugation, as one of the souths essential harvests was at one time cotton and exhausting farming ventures, for example, sharecropping and cultivate working that were noticeable in the principal half of the twentieth century. Accordingly, to go back to the cotton fix would be backward. Malcolm X keeps on utilizing disgrace as a logical gadget once more when he notes If you [African Americans] dont take this sort of stand , your little kids will grow up and take a gander at you and think disgrace' (34). Guardians need to be good examples for their youngsters. He is demanding that inability to remain against persecution will lessen the more youthful ages regard for the more seasoned one. This makes his group of onlookers feel embarrassed about inaction and frightful that inaction will distance them from their kids. Like, MLKs declaration that all good and energetic natives ought to be embarrassed about disregarding metro and religious regulations, Malcolm X declares that African Americans who neglect to defend their unavoidable rights ought to be embarrassed about themselves as guardians and smart individuals. Therefore, the two pioneers utilize disgrace as an amazing logical gadget

Chinese Culture Pregnancy And Childbirth - 1438 Words

Analysis of Chinese Culture: Pregnancy and Childbirth Communication Chinese value silence and avoid disagreeing. The purpose of avoidance is to lessen conflict and maintain a peaceful environment. When assessing a pregnant Chinese woman, it is important to understand this idea of silence. The Chinese woman may remain silent during an exam and while the nurse is educating. Although the woman is not verbalizing her understanding, she most likely does. It is important to gauge how the woman demonstrates understanding. Head nods or silence are often non-verbal cues that a Chinese patient may demonstrate (Giger and Davidhizar, 2006, p. 445). Non-verbal communication in the Chinese culture has much to do with touch (Giger and Davidhizar,†¦show more content†¦Environmental Control Two relevant taboos intended to avoid spontaneous miscarriage include â€Å"not walking too fast† and â€Å"not walking too often† (Guelfi, 2015). These taboos are practiced by the majority of Chinese women. The idea of physical activity in the Chinese cult ure during pregnancy is largely looked at as dangerous to the fetus. â€Å"The theory of yin and yang or cold and hot foods dominates food choices during pregnancy† (Guelfi, 2015). Women associate cold foods with miscarriage. Cold foods are thought to require more energy for the body to digest. Cold foods are believed to make the uterus cold and decrease blood flow. Watermelon and ice cream are examples of cold food. Aside from restrictions of cold foods, some foods are considered dangerous if they are â€Å"wet-hot.† An example of wet-hot food is mango. These foods are wet-hot foods and will cause the baby to have allergies, eczema, and other skin problems (Guelfi, 2015). Biological Variations It is considered desirable for babies to have light complexion. When dealing with diet, dark foods are considered to cause darkening in the skin of the fetus. Examples of dark foods include soybeans, chocolate or coffee. Biologically, babies born with darker skin are considered unhealthy. Eating light foods influence the health of the fetus (Guelfi, 2015). When dealing with safety during labor, Chinese women often prefer non-pharmacologicalShow MoreRelatedAsian Culture s Child Bearing Practices1225 Words   |  5 Pages Asian Culture Paper Casey Kornikoski Mercyhurst North East Nursing 230 Mrs. Moore October 1, 2015 In this paper I will be explaining the Asian Culture s child bearing practices. The Chinese practice differently than the Western Society. The Chinese Culture is very interesting and some of what they practice is interesting. The pregnancy and childbirth is a time for celebration for many cultures around the world. 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The Assyrian Emperor s Resume Ferocious Conquests A...

Horrific violence, terrifying threats and public terrors strike fear into the hearts of thousands who oppose the Assyrian Empire. â€Å"An Assyrian Emperor’s Resume: Ferocious Conquests a Specialty† remains a paragon of these unspeakable tragedies transpiring around 875 B.C. Written by Ashur-Nasir-Pal II (or one of his subjects), this anecdote highlights his conquests as he claims ancient cities’ wealth, while brutally murdering foreign people and destroying their lands. Geographically, the story takes place in the Middle East, specifically North Mesopotamia. According to the author, he conquers places like Hudun, Zamua, Zamru, Iritu and Ammaru. The historical value behind this piece portrays prominent aspects of their society and depicts how Assyrians reigned, while hinting at the empire’s values; therefore, this historical account provides evidence, which exhibits the attributes of the Near East during Ashur-Nasir-Pal II’s reign. Society and leadership often intertwine in any civilization. Subjects like religion act as a link between the two structures; for example, religion empowers their leader. According to the author, his actions serve the following gods: Assur, Nergal and Shamash. Ashur-Nasir-Pal II believes the deities influence his actions to fulfill his conquests. Clearly this society believes the gods bequeathed the responsibility of commander-in-chief solely on their leader. Along with religion, spawns violence. With an emphasis on fire, the Ashur burns cities and

Marketing of Starbucks in Global Economy

Question: Discuss about the Marketing of Starbucks in Global Economy. Answer: Introduction This report is related to the strategic marketing plan of a company for next three years. For the discussion, the famous company Starbuck Corporation has taken. It is well known that Starbucks is operating at global level. Starbucks is well-settled Washington-based Company which is famous for its good taste of coffee. It is one of the fastest growing companies in the United States. The company has started operating in 1992 and over ten years company has set new revenues with the growth rate of 20%. This report considers the competitive position of Starbucks and defines three year marketing strategy for the company. Along with this, competitive advantage, current position, future desired position and about the advantages which can be achieved by the Starbucks to get desired position in the market (Aiello Dickinson, 2014). During the past year, the stock of Starbucks has declined in terms of value. Now, Starbucks is improving its financial position by store sale. Primary strategy of S tarbucks is to expand its higher as compared to the competitors. Although Starbucks has faced many difficulties due to many factors these challenges i.e. financial downturn in US which affected the business of Starbucks. After the crisis, company has added total estimated 338 million to the UK economy. Based on the current research, total consumption of coffee in world is 2.25 billion. There is about 22.1 gallon of coffee per capita consumption in US in which 4% of sales is helpful to get higher rates for Starbucks. It is expected that Starbucks will be largest coffee chain in 2020 (Latif et al, 2014). Where are we now From the analysis of the surroundings of Starbucks, it is clear that for Starbucks, technological, environmental and sociological factors are favorable and on the other hand, economic, legal and political factors are unfavorable for the Starbucks (Gupta, Sahi Chahal, 2013). In terms of competitive advantage, the company has major threats i.e. legal issues, and threats of new entry etc. But, Starbucks has strong competitive advantage among the customers. Competitive advantage can be achieved by doing something better and innovative as compared to the competitors. If the number of small advantage can be combined than company can be able to achieve competitive advantage in the industry (Baines, Fill Page, 2011). Competitive advantage is important or necessary to develop and impellent the winning strategy and to achieve growth and profits. Starbucks is doing different practices as compared to the competitors (Khan, 2010). Starbucks has strong brand name among the customers. Brand name can be described as the specific term, name, symbol, sign, design, which is used to differentiate itself from its competitors. The green and white logo of Starbucks is the symbol of high brand awareness among the customers. Most of the international tourists have visited in the Starbucks by identifying its logo in another country. Company has positive brand image which impact the decision making process of the customers and build customer loyalty to the Starbucks (Geereddy, 2015). Product and service standardization: Quality of the product can be described as the perception of the customers by the degree of excellence of the characteristics. Quality is the main factor in the relationship marketing which impact the customers satisfaction (Cadogan, 2012). There is loyalty reward program offered by the Starbucks which improves the purchasing behavior of customers towards the products. Starbucks is doing well in brand building. Having good taste of coffee, Starbucks provides different type of experience to the customers. Starbucks is famous as third place where people can meet with friends and business partners. This is the position which improves the sales of the company (Boychenko, 2012). Starbucks is well known as the innovator having good management of innovation for the high sales and success in the market. The aim of Starbucks is to provide good taste of various coffee brands in one store. The company has ability to do new innovations in the products which is considerable in the competitive strength. Starbucks has adopted the changing preferences and taste of customers. Flexibility is the part of success of Starbucks. So, the company has introduced almond milk in stores and non-dairy alternatives such as soy milk and coconut milk. According to a research, there are 49% of consumers who consume non-dairy milk products. So, it is estimated that sales of dairy milk will decrease by 11% by 2020. So, Starbucks is focusing on non-dairy milk products (Marchi, Maria and Micelli, 2012). With the tasty coffee, Starbucks is social conscious as compared to the other companies. It is the proof that how the company treats with the employees. This is the reason, the company has low attrition rate. In America, Starbucks has announced a program related to economic development for the low medium income communities. According to Starbucks, it is the job opportunity for many people to grow the business (Bose, 2012). Where do we want to be Starbucks is continuously delivering high financial performance. Customers experience different types of coffee and good environment in the stores of Starbucks. Company has strong position in the market. Now, Starbucks want to gain some more positions with new strategies. In upcoming years, Starbucks has some new goals for upcoming years. In the year of growth and profitability, Starbucks is now planning to get higher standards in the coffee industry. The strategy of Starbucks is to develop its core competencies to add more values in the products and establish the image of the company as luxury and stylishness for the customers. According to Hamel (1990), core competencies can be defined as the collective learning of the organization to coordinate different production skills and implement various streams of the technologies. The core competencies of the Starbucks can be seen in its capability, superb market strategies, operational efficiency, human resource management and management capabilities (Lapersonne, 2013). Further, another strategy of Starbucks is to maintain the competitive advantage by cost leadership, focus and differentiation. Cost leadership includes the strategy in terms of producing low-cost with high quality products. It also includes reducing operational cost in all area of operations. With this, strategy of Starbucks is to adopt differentiation of the products. By differentiation strategy, customers perceive the products to be unique and value added. Starbucks has the strategy to reduce the cost of the products for the growth and profit. The aim of the company is to expand the stores effectively. Basically, strategy is to focus on cost efficiency. To reduce the cost, there is one way i.e. specialize and focus on the core marketing of the coffee. Further, long term strategy of Starbucks is to build and retain the customer loyalty in the market (Hooley, Piercy Nicoulaud, 2012). Along with this, next objective of the Starbucks is to look good location for its stores. This strategy of Starbucks is based on traffic pattern and demographic criteria. Company is willing to open the outlets based on the plan and criteria i.e. weather condition, customers behavior, taste and preferences. The long term objective of Starbucks is to provide convenient place for the overworked people in every country. The management team of the company is focusing on more efforts. Image building is the core objective of the company by creating a revolution in the business world (Seaford, Culp Brooks, 2012). Starbucks is planning to invest heavily in improving and creating brand image of the company as comfortable coffeehouse where consumers can enjoy luxurious moment away from stressful environment of the workplace. From starting, Starbucks has become recognized company in the coffee industry which is providing immersive coffee experience to the customers. The aim of the company is to provide Starbucks Experience across the world. By achieving this objective, the plan of the company is to provide roaster experience to the entire world (Lynn et al, 2011). In current time, marketing is more dependent on the technologies. Starbucks is also trying to adopt new technologies for the suitability of the customers. The objective of the company is to improve the customers base by social media and online marketing. Now, Starbucks is offering largest and most robust mobile ecosystem as compared to other companies in the coffee industry. Company is planning to improve its mobile app and by mobile app, customers are able to order their desired products by call or message (Fitzgerald, 2013). How will we get there This is the final section of the report which provides the plans related to the strategies to make Starbucks successful. In this section, plans will be explored to execute the strategy and to achieve objectives. On the basis of these plans, the marketing mix of the Starbucks is helpful for future success. Marketing mix of a company can be described as combination of principles purpose the creation of demand for the product and service of the company (Cravens Piercy, 2013). Marketing mix of Starbucks is as follows: Product- Product is the most important factor of any company. By the product-mix, Starbucks has become more competitive against its competitors. The products of Starbucks include hot chocolate, brewed coffee, teas, and espresso. Along with this, Starbucks offers blended beverages to target non-coffee drinkers including juice, oatmeal, salads, sandwiches, muffins, cakes, and ready-to-eat pastries to satisfy the customers. The products of the Starbucks can be divided into two catagories i.e. standardize or differentiate. Starbucks always use standardization in the products. Starbucks changes its products catalogue based on the demands of the customers in various countries (Forbes, 2013). Price- To differentiate the company from the competitors, Starbucks uses main factor of premium price. So, the prices of products in the Starbucks are slightly higher as compared to the competitors. Customers are ready to spend money for high quality services and products so they consider the products of Starbucks. But in some cases, company has dropped its prices. For example, in Japan, company has dropped the prices from 230 yen to 190 yen as coffee industry in Japan has deflation prices and tough competition so it is the big challenge for Starbucks to keep the customers loyal in such kind of situation (Dawson, 2013). Place- Key factor in the place-mix of Starbucks is its stores which can be found in any surrounding. Starbucks provides better environment to the customers to enjoy their reading, free Wi-Fi, meeting and listening the music. On the basis of demand, Starbucks is able to keep its competitive position by managing grown crowd of the customers and proving good services in the stores. Along with this, Starbucks is implementing entry mode strategies including licensing, wholly-owned subsidiaries and joint ventures (Forbes, 2016). Promotion- Promotion can be described as the marketing activities to encourage the actions of customers to buy the product in order to achieve the target market sale. Starbucks has lower advertisement cost than its competitors such as Subway, KFC and McDonalds. Starbucks has sixth position in the market share in terms of advertisement cost and it is spending less on the media advertisements. Starbucks has its own way to maintain strong relationship with the customers i.e. Starbucks cards, internet, social network and so on. Along with this, information technology plays an important role in the strategy of Starbucks by website, My Starbucks idea, Starbucks Gossip, Newsroom, Starbucks melody and Starbucks homepage in every country (Dibb et al, 2012). Conclusion From the above analysis, it has observed that Starbucks has strong position in the coffee industry. It is clear that after the crisis in US economy, Starbucks has adopted new strategies to get high share prices in the market. From the situation analysis, it is observed that technological, environmental and sociological factors are favorable and on the other hand, economic, legal and political factors are unfavorable for the Starbucks. Further, there are some strategies of Starbucks for next three years i.e. to maintain the competitive advantage by cost leadership, focus and differentiation, to look good location for its stores and to adopt new technologies for the suitability of the customers. To achieve the strategic objectives, Starbucks is implementing effective marketing mix strategies in its business operations. References Khan, S. (2010). Starbucks International Marketing Strategy. Retrieved on 25th April 2017 from https://www.slideshare.net/sk_prince/starbucks-international-marketing-strategy-3900413 Baines, P., Fill, C. Page, K. (2011). Marketing. (2nd). New York: Oxford University Press Boychenko, M. (2012). It's Not Just Coffee, It's Starbucks. Retrieved on 25th April 2017 from https://thecoffeeteam.blogspot.co.uk/2012/02/3-more-ps.html Cadogan, J. W. (2012). International marketing, strategic orientations and business success: International Marketing Review, 29(4), 340-348 Bose, T. (2012). Market Segmentation and Customer Focus Strategies and Their Contribution towards Effective Value Chain Management: International Journal of Marketing Studies. 4(3). 113-121 Cravens, D., Piercy, N. (2013). Strategic Marketing. (10th). Singapore: McGraw-Hill Dawson, T. (2013). How Starbucks Uses Pricing Strategy for Profit Maximization. Retrieved on 25th April 2017 from https://www.priceintelligently.com/blog/bid/184451/How-Starbucks-Uses-Pricing-Strategy-for-Profit-Maximization Dibb, S., Simkin, L., Pride, W. Ferrell, O. (2012). Marketing Concepts Strategies. (6th). Hampshire: Cenage Learning EMEA Fitzgerald, M. (2013). How Starbucks has gone digital: MIT Sloan Management Review, 54(4), 1-8. Forbes. (2013). Starbucks And McDonald's Winning Strategy. Forbes. Retrieved on 25th April 2017 from https://www.forbes.com/sites/panosmourdoukoutas/2013/04/25/starbucks-and-mcdonalds-winning-strategy/ Forbes. (2016). Let's Look At Starbucks' Growth Strategy. Retrieved on 25th April 2017 from https://www.forbes.com/sites/greatspeculations/2016/09/19/lets-look-at-starbucks-growth-strategy/#7c1724f33d71 Kotler, P., Keller, K., Brady, M., Goodman, M., Hansen, T. (2012). Marketing Management. (2nd). Essex: Pearson Education Ltd Gupta, M., Sahi, G., Chahal, H. (2013). Improving market orientation: the theory of constraints-based framework: Journal of Strategic Marketing. 21(4). 305-322. Geereddy, N. (2015). Strategic Analysis Of Starbucks Corporation. Harvard. Retrieved from https://scholar.harvard.edu/files/nithingeereddy/files/starbucks_case_analysis.pdf Latif, M., Qurat-ul-ain, H., Gulzar, H., Bukhari, S. R., Sameen, S. N. (2014). Starbucks sustained during economic crisis: International Journal of Accounting and Financial Reporting. 4(1). 307-321 Lynn, David J, C.R.E., Wang, T., Mehlum, C. (2011). Investing in emerging markets: China, india and brazil: Real Estate Issues. 36(2). 21-26. Hooley, G., Piercy, N., Nicoulaud, B. (2012). Marketing Strategy and Competitive Positioning. (5th). Essex: Pearson Education Seaford, B. C., Culp, R. C., Brooks, B. W. (2012). Starbucks: Maintaining a clear position: Journal of the International Academy for Case Studies. 18(4). 39-57 Marchi, V., Maria, E. and Micelli, S. (2012). Environmental Strategies, Upgrading and Competitive Advantage in Global Value Chains. 22(1), pp.62-72. Lapersonne, A. (2013). Managing Multiple Sources of Competitive Advantage in a Complex Competitive Environment. FSRJ. 5(2). pp.221-251. Aiello, G. and Dickinson, G. (2014). Beyond authenticity: a visual-material analysis of locality in the global redesign of Starbucks stores: Visual Communication. 13(3). pp.303-321

Popular Street Artists

During a walk along the streets of most urban centers, one may encounter various artworks displayed on walls. The government does not sanction a sizeable percentage of these artworks. Street art refers to the illegal visual artwork. Street artists usually undertake their work despite the risk of arrest.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Popular Street Artists specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Various street artists have gained worldwide popularity due to their street artworks. Some of the street artists include Alexandre Farto , Christian Guà ©my, Banksy, Shepard Fairey, and Brian Donnelly. Banksy is a controversial street artist whose works are in walls in London, Brighton, and Bristol. Banksy has even exhibited his artworks on the walls of West Bank. Banksy’s real identity is still unknown. However, various sources claim to know his real identity. Banksy has many fans due to his exquisite works of art. Ban ksy has several celebrity fans who include Brad Pitt, Angelina Jolie and Christina Aguirela (Joseph para 3). Banksy has satirical artworks that use dark humor to express their message. Banksy began his career as a graffiti artist during the early 1990s. Initially, he was a member of the DryBreadZ Crew (BDZ). During the turn of the millennium, Bansky ventured into stenciling due to the less time that it takes to stencil. The shift to stenciling enabled Banksy to gain popularity in Bristol and London. Most of Banksy’s artworks have anti-establishment messages. He uses police officers, children, soldiers, and the elderly as subjects that enable him to express himself. In 2004, Banksy made a sizeable number of fake  £10 notes that had the portrait of Princess Diana instead of Queen Elizabeth. In an effort to discredit the Bank of England, Banksy satirically replaced the words ‘Bank of England’ with ‘Banksy of England.’ During the Notting Hill Carnival, a certain individual dished out the fake money to the crowd.Advertising Looking for essay on art? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The notes fetched  £200 on e-Bay. Banksy uses street art to express his political views. Some of the views may be controversial. Banksy also helps in the development of other artists. He hosts various exhibitions that provide other artists with a platform to exhibit their work. In 2008, he hosted the Cans Festival in London. The festival provided a platform for various graffiti artists to display their skills. This has enabled Banksy to become one of the most famous and influential street artists. Alexandre Farto is one of the most famous Portuguese street artists. He uses the pseudonym Vhils. Vhils has been a street artist since the tender age of 13 years. He started his career by painting on trains. Vhils is a graduate of arts from the University of Arts London. Vhils credits his current popula rity to the platform that Banksy provides other artists to enable them portray their skills. There are artworks of Vhils in Moscow, London, Lisbon, and New York. Alexandre Farto adopted the name Vhils, since he liked spraying the letters (Jones para 3). Vhils started doing street art at the tender age of 13 years. When he was 17 years old, he started having a different picture of walls. Walls told the history of his country. This motivated Vhils to start carving into walls to reflect the changing times. Vhils has various street artworks of everyday heroes (Jones para 6). These artworks are in various countries across the globe. Vhils tries to use street art to chronicle the changing times. Therefore, his artworks help in social development. The Cans Festival provided Vhils with a platform that enabled him to attain his current popularity. During the festival, his work appeared alongside that of Banksy. Since then, Vhils has done several shows on his own.Advertising We will writ e a custom essay sample on Popular Street Artists specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Vhils has held various shows in Lisbon, Paris, and New York. These shows have enabled Vhils to display his skills. In addition, the shows have enabled him to express his ideas. The shows also fetch Vhils a considerable amount of money. Another famous street artist is Christian Guà ©my. Guà ©my uses the pseudonym C215. C215 is a 38-year-old French street artist who hails from Paris. The countryside background of C215 made him lack any connection to graffiti or stenciling work until he was 15 years old. However, upon doing some graffiti at the young age he became bored with graffiti. He only returned to do graffiti work in his adulthood. The wish to create a souvenir by painting her daughter’s face on the streets was the main factor that motivated C215 to venture into street art. However, his street artworks gained huge popularity prompting him t o become a professional artist. Therefore, C215 did not set out to become a professional artist. He became a street artist by chance. C215 grew outside the street art culture that influences most of the modern street artwork. C215 is opposed to the repetition, overconsumption, hype, and cynicism, which characterize most modern street artwork. C215 uses his artwork to give hope and dignity to the society. In so doing, he uses his artwork to shape a new civilization. Most of the artwork of C215 consists of portraits of people. He uses beggars, homeless, and refugees as some of his subjects. These subjects enable C215 to use art to express himself. These subjects help in refocusing the society on forgotten people. C215 uses artworks in various cities around the world. Some of the cities include Barcelona, Rome, and London. C215 is also involved in other commercial artwork activities.Advertising Looking for essay on art? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Shepard Fairey is one of the most popular American street artists. Fairey, 43, hails from Charleston, North Carolina. Fairey’s involvement in art started in 1984 when he was 14 years old. The quest to hone his skills motivated Fahey to join the Rhode Island School of Design from where he obtained a degree in Fine Arts in 1988. One of the earliest works of Fairey is ‘Andre the Giant Has a Posse.’ Fairey created this piece of art while he was still studying at the Rhode Island School of Design. Soon after graduation, Fairey ventured into professional artwork by creating a small printing company. The company specialized in silkscreens and artworks on various clothing. This enabled Fairey to develop his art skills. Later on, Fairey helped in the formation of various companies that were involved in professional artwork activities. One of Fairey’s most famous pieces of artwork is the Barrack Obama ‘Hope’ poster. Fairey also has various street artwor ks. However, these artworks have landed him in problems several times. The risks involved in street artwork require artists to do street artwork discreetly. Street artists may face litigation from various parties due to vandalism of their property. This is because street artists work on other people’s property. However, this does not prevent street artists from portraying their artworks in various public places. On February 2009, police arrested Fairey due to his graffiti. Fairey uses street artwork as an avenue that enables him to express his ideas. In addition, Fairey has murals in several countries. Some of the murals are in London and Copenhagen (Bofkin para 1). Brian Donnelly is another popular American street artist. The artist uses the pseudonym KAWS. KAWS hails from Jersey City, New Jersey. KAWS began doing his artwork by doing graffiti in Jersey City. In the 1990s, he relocated to New York City. In New York City, KAWS began his career by subverting the imagery on var ious billboards and advertisements within the city. In so doing, he created attractive pieces of art. These advertisements remained in their reworked form for several months. This increased the popularity of the artist. KAWS has been involved in various commercial artwork activities. During the late 1990s, he designed vinyl toys, which were popular in various countries. The success of the toys prompted him to form partnerships with various companies for the manufacture of clothing. KAWS also designed the bottle of Dos Equis, a Mexican beer. Some of the artworks of KAWS include several acrylic paintings and sculptures. KAWS has remodeled various popular iconic figures. These figures include Mickey Mouse and the Smurfs. The artworks of KAWS have enabled him to use his artwork in mass-produced merchandise. KAWS has produced various artworks that have been commercially successful as mass-produced merchandise. However, KAWS continues to engage in various fine art activities that do not i nvolve mass production. KAWS shows how artists can take advantage of existing commercial opportunities while remaining true to their profession. Works Cited Bofkin, Lee. â€Å"Street artist Shepard Fairey unveils largest mural in the UK.† The Guardian. 2012. Web. Jones, Alice. â€Å"Vhils: The art of urban decay.† The independent, 2012. Web. Joseph, Claudia. â€Å"Graffiti artist Banksy unmasked†¦ as a former public schoolboy from middle-class suburbia.† MailOnline. 2008. Web. This essay on Popular Street Artists was written and submitted by user Grace Stevens to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The good life essays

The good life essays Aristotle refutes Plato's Theory of Ideas on three basic grounds: that the existence of Ideas contradicts itself by denying the possibility of negations; that his illustrations of Ideas are merely empty metaphors; and that they theory uses impermanent abstractions to create examples of perception. Though the theory is meant to establish concrete standards for the knowledge of reality, Aristotle considers it fraught with inconsistencies and believes that the concept of reality depends upon all forms' correlations to other elements. Ideas, Plato believes, are permanent, self-contained absolutes, which answered to each item of exact knowledge attained through human thought. Also, Ideas are in Plato's view concrete standards by which all human endeavor can be judged, for the hierarchy of all ideas leads to the highest absolute - that of Good. In addition, the theory claims that states of being are contingent upon the mingling of various Forms of existence, that knowledge is objective and thus clearly more real, and that only the processes of nature were valid entities. However, Aristotle attacks this theory on the grounds that Plato's arguments are inconclusive either his assertions are not al all cogent. Aristotle says, or his arguments lead to contradictory conclusions. For example, Aristotle claims that Plato's arguments lead one to conclude that entities (such as anything man-made) and negations of concrete ideas could exist - such as "non-good" in opposition to good. This contradicts Plato's own belief that only natural objects could serve as standards of knowledge. Also, Aristotle refutes Plato's belief that Ideas are perfect entities unto themselves, independent of subjective human experience. Ideas, Aristotle claims, are not abstractions on a proverbial pedestal but mere duplicates of things witnessed in ordinary daily life. The Ideas of things, he says, are not inherent to the objects in particular but created separately and place...

American History Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

American History - Article Example His influence in the American society, therefore, lies in his activism against Communism and his effort to protect the State against disloyalty, security risks, and Communist infiltrations (â€Å"Senator Joseph McCarthy,† n.d.). During the term of Senator McCarthy, he tried to put into trial those who are Communists and their supporters. The goal of his administration is to prevent the Communists from infiltrating the State and risk military and civilian security, as well as the government’s information and technical system (â€Å"Senator Joe McCarthy,† n.d.). In addition, his committee gathered information on, mostly, government officials, which was later proven to be faulty and had no substantial evidence. As a result, Senator McCarthy faced issues related to civil liberties as he, seemingly, deprived the people of their freedom of belief and expression. However, in the brighter side, his aims are for the good of the government as those develop loyalty and security, as well as ensure that the Democratic stand of the nation is still solid. Therefore, his life and works had made him a prominent figure in American

How does buying a cup of coffee from Starbucks affect the environment Dissertation - 1

How does buying a cup of coffee from Starbucks affect the environment - Dissertation Example Unfortunately, when it comes to Starbucks, their biggest negativity is the non –recyclable cups of synthetic nature which pollute the earth on a considerable level. Starbucks being a huge food chain have captured the coffee market globally by taking on the increased demand of coffee lovers. According to (Austin,2004) â€Å"Starbucks had revenue of $2.7 billion in 2001, up from $465 million in 1995 (see Exhibit 1 forfinancials). Nearly two-thirds of revenue came from coffee beverages, 15% from coffee beans, and24% from food and coffee-related items†.They also maintain their good will by means of powerful advertisement they display in the international business arena. This coffee chain have spread over much part of the globe and have influenced people many people in buying their product , as it is assured to be the best and perfect in the market. As per (Laminetez)â€Å"Starbucks switched its plastic cups from polyethylene (No. 1) to polypropylene (No. 5), which uses 45% less greenhouse gases†. ... The Starbucks in order to save on the cost factor ignore the natural disaster their coffee cups can bring about in the nature. Even though people feel convenient in drinking from their non –recyclable cups, they are less knowledgeable about the consequences it can bring to the natural sustainability of the planet. â€Å"Climate change is occurring, is caused largely by human activities, and poses significant risks for—and in many cases is already affecting—a broad range of human and natural systems† (Clooney,2010, pg.484-48). There are many studies done in order to perceive the amount of waste disposed in nature by Starbucks by taking into account various factors. The first phase was considering the determinants of waste generation in South Eastern America by keeping in mind the elements like economic, structural and demographic variables. In this per capital retail sales, urban population percentage and per capital income was taken it account to calculate the waste generation quotient. However, the study concluded that when retails sales increased the per capital waste generation also increased. So an effective solution for Starbucks is to consider recycling cups which reduce pollution of the environment According to (Zaida,2009)â€Å"One of the many challenges in reducing the use of disposable products is that the true social cost of using these disposable products, the externalities, are not incorporated into the price we pay for them†. It is a general fact, that the cups used by Starbucks for hot beverages are made out of paper fiber and low density plastic materials. This plastic element in the cups is the main culprits in

The concept of attention Essay Example for Free

The concept of attention Essay How do you define the concept of attention?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The psychological concept of attention refers to the selective processing and concentration done by the brain.   Attention is something that focuses on a particular aspect of the environment, while the others are being ignored or unnoticed.   The attention of the individual is that part of the dynamic occurrences in the environment wherein the brain is concentrated on. For instance, when taking an exam, the attention is centered on the exam itself, but not on the people passing by the windows.    Hence, attention is a brain function that essentially centers on a particular event happening around the person.   Although one’s attention may not necessarily on external and occurring incidents, but like the case of daydreaming, on things that are present on one’s mind.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The level of attention of an individual can also have its variation, from focused attention to divided attention.   There are also instances when this attention becomes sustained or un-sustained, or even selective.   Dynamic neurological activities in the brain occur, which enables the person to generate a particular kind of attention. Can attention be consciously allocated to tasks?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The attention of the individual can be consciously allocated to task, as the particular focus of a person can be something that is fine-tuned or dictated by the brain.   As was mentioned, different levels and types of attention can occur, and tasks are effectively done if there is focused attention.   Being primarily a neurological function, attention therefore can be a conscious effort by the individual, and if one so desires to focus attention on a task, then it is a possibility.   The mere desire to commit to a task creates a certain kind of stimulus that signals the brain to focus on such task.   This focused attention hence enables the individual to allocate oneself to that task dictated and determined by one’s consciousness.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The opposite of attention is being confused or distracted, and these psychological states can be something that is uncontrollable or unmanageable, in cases wherein the person has high physical stress or metal disorders.   In such cases, then committing one’s attention to a task would be a tedious and difficult task, as there are other neurological activities occurring in the brain.   This therefore removes one’s focused attention, and the attention becomes divided or alternating. What is the relationship between attention and cognition?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The concept of attention is in fact a cognitive process, and in this sense, attention then plays an important role in cognition.   Cognition would ultimately be reliant on the focused attention of the individual, as this would determine the information processing and brain function of the person.   In addition, attention is argued to have connections to the working memory which enables the process of recognition and retention, depending on the attention level of the individual.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Scientific studies would show the neurological functions are triggered or have direct relationship to the ability of the person to focus his/her attention in a particular task, which then establishes the relationship between cognition and attention.   Cognitive processes can only have effective and sustained outcomes if the individual has focused attention. References Myers, David. (2008). Exploring Psychology. New York: Worth Publishers. Styles, Elizabeth. (2006). The Psychology of Attention. Hove: Psychology Press. Willingham, Daniel. (2006). Cognition: The Thinking Animal, 3rd Edition. United States:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Prentice Hall.

Historical Macbeth Compared To Shakespeares Macbeth Essay -- essays re

Although most of Shakespeare's play " Mac Beth " is not historically accurate, MacBeth's life is the subject of the tragedy. There are characters and events that are based on true events and real persons but, Shakespeare's "MacBeth " differs significantly from history's MacBeth. The first example of a difference between the Shakespeare "MacBeth" and historical Mac Beth is the death of Duncan I. In Shakespeare's " Mac Beth ", Duncan I was murdered by MacBeth. A prophecy said to Mac Beth by one of the three witches "All hail, MacBeth, that shalt be King hereafter1 ." was what prompted Gruoch, MacBeth's wife to plot the murder of Duncan I as he slept in their castle. In history, Mac Beth established himself as the King of Scots after killing his cousin Duncan I, in battle near Elgin not as in Shakespeare's play by killing him in his sleep. Duncan I was killed on August 14, 1040. Mac Beth then reigned as king for seventeen years.As previously stated Duncan I and Mac Beth were cousins, a fact not brought out in the play. Shakespeare loosely based the play," Mac Beth " on events he found in Raphael Holinshed's Chronicles of England, Scotland, and Ireland. " Raphael Holinshed's Chronicles of England, Scotland, and Ireland, are the materials that furnished Shakespeare with his plot2. The chronicles were an account of the history of the country of which they came from. Another major difference, is that Duncan I was ...

Oilwell: Team Management

Oilwell Cable Division Bill Russell was acting general manager of TRW and now he is being appointed as general manager with an assignment of lay off twenty people or  achieves an equivalent reduction in labor cost. The Oilwell Cable Division is part of the Industrial and Energy Segment of   TRW that represent 24 percent of its sales and 23 percent of its operating profits. The Oilwell Division is a acquired business by TRW what was Crescent Wire and Cable Company of Trenton. The four reasons for moving the Oilwell cable (Crescent Wore and Cable Company) from Trenton to Lawarence are Lawerence is considerably closer to the customer †¢ Lawerence has a more supportive labor environment. †¢ The wage rate for the Lawerence area are very reasonable †¢ There is an already existing building Gino stripoli, formal general manager, was gien the task to start operations in Lawrence and he established new management system. He established eleven team relating the activities and all teams were doing their jobs very well. There is also a co-ordination team. The team is successful. Though there were some problems initially.There was a good deal of mistrust among employees regarding management’s   motives. There were also some technical problems. But after two years Gino solved the problems. Though TRW has ten competitors in the cable market, its market mainly depends on the demand of the submersible pumps. Because the basic product produced by the Oilwell Cable Division is wire that provides power   to submersible pumps used in oil drilling. Question: 1 Evaluate team management at TRW’s Lawrence plant. What organizational behavior system is it most similar to? Does it reflect theory X or theory Y assumptions? Answer: †¢There were in total 11 teams where five production teams are formed around the production process. †¢ Each team meets on a weekly basis or as needed and resource team meets every two weeks. That increases the coordi nation between the team and team members. †¢ There was no formal agenda but the meeting on production process and labor scheduling which increases the production. †¢ Team also build relationship between various level of the organizations Collegial organizational behavior system is most similar to. It reflects Theory Y assumption. Question: 2 Examine the results from team management at Lawrence.Do they support a â€Å"satisfaction causes productivity† or a â€Å"productivity causes satisfaction† relationship? Explain. †¢ There were some initial start-up problems, but late it seems to be a success. †¢ In the beginning there was a good deal of mistrust among employees. But later it being solved. †¢ First there was a lot of frustration with a high level of turnover. Because there was only one union employee brought from Trenton. To solve the problem a compensation scheme was developed that encouraged employees to master the various pieces of equipm ent in the plant. Turnover dropped from in excess of 12 percent to a range of 2 to 4 percent. Also employment had dropped from a high of 132 to what seemed to be a more optimal level of 125. They support â€Å"satisfaction causes productivity†. From the workers’ point of   view, the major benefit of team management is their ability to control their   jobs. This control has resulted in a high level of commitment by the employees, as evidenced by the numerous suggestions made by the teams that have resulted in significant improvements in quality and productivity. Question: 4Can participative and team management approaches work equally well during times of organizational crisis and during normal times? Explain. NO, from my opinion, though during normal times participative and team management approaches work equally but during organizational crisis it can’t work equally. The responsibility of the team management is to solve any problem equally and help other tea m members to solve the problems. But in participative approach people can deny to help others. Beside this when contradiction between the people exist the situation also become more complicated in participative approach

The corporate Governance in the Companies Act, 2013 - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 9 Words: 2845 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Law Essay Did you like this example? The corporate Governance in the Companies Act, 2013 The Companies Act, 2013 reinforces and redresses laws pertaining to companies[1]. The Companies Act, 2013 was passed by the parliament and received Presidential assent on 29th August, 2013. Some of the provisions of the Companies Act, 2013 were notified in the Official Gazette on 30th August, 2013. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The corporate Governance in the Companies Act, 2013" essay for you Create order Many of the provisions of the Companies Act, 1956 continue to be in force[2]. Corporate Governance is an important aspect in the Companies Act, 2013. Under the Corporate Governance, the Board of Directorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s report will include disclosures involving payment of directors, service contracts and stock options details[3]. The Companies Act, 1956 existed for more than 50 years and now it is proving to be inefficient when it comes to handling challenges of a growing industry and complexities involving stakeholder interests. Therefore, the new act improves the status on governance and raises the responsibility on the Board of Directors and the Management. There are six crucial aspects to improve corporate governance. First, there must be an increase in the reporting framework. Secondly, there must be a requirement for higher auditor accountability. Thirdly, there must be availability for easier restructuring. Fourth, there must be emphasis on investor protection. Fifth, there must be an increase in the wider directors and management responsibility and there must be an inclusive CSR agenda[4]. Under the Reporting Framework[5], subsidiary, associate and joint venture companies are explained according to section 2(6) and 2(87)[6]. If the holding company owns more than 50% of the total share capital or exercises control over the board, it becomes a subsidiary company while a holding company owns at least 20% of the total share takes business decisions under an agreement, the company becomes an associate company. Also under this scheme, exemptions to a company are given only when the holding of a company is outside India. Under section 129[7], there is a compulsory requirement for à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“consolidated financial statementà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (CFS). CFS is the combination in the financial statements including assets of the parent company and its subsidiaries[8]. Every company has to prepare a CFS if it either has a subsidiary, associate or joint venture companies. However, when it comes to preparing a CFS, there is no exemption given. Under sections 130 and 131, there is a need for revision in the financial statement. Revision of financial statements is either made by the directors of the company when financial statements and the report made by the board contradict each other or voluntary restatement made by the board of directors for at least three years or can be made by the central government when it comes to fraudulent reporting or mismanagement in the financial statements[9]. This scheme also looks into the changes in the depreciation regulation mentioned under section 123(2) and schedule II. This includes useful life which is given preference over other standard compulsory rates. Useful life is generally defined as the time or the duration for which a particular item will be useful to business. When the meaning of useful life is taken, it should not be considered as to how long that item will last[10]. Accordin g to section 138 of the companies act, 2013[11]; it requires mandatory internal audit and reports on internal financial controls. It requires adequacy and efficiency of the internal financial controls in the reports made by the directors or the auditors only for listed entities and must be included only in auditorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s reports for other listed entities. It requires internal audit to be made companies which are listed and all other public limited companies. The second scheme for the corporate governance is higher auditor accountability which allows maximum twenty audits for an individual partner of a firm[12]. An individual auditor is eligible for at least five years and for partnership audit firms, it involves another five years. The auditor will also be given a five year cooling time after completion of the previous term. The new auditor cannot be related to the leaving auditor in terms of an associate or a network firm. According to the rules of the draft, the pre-commencement term will apply for calculating the balance validity of the present auditorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s occupancy. A large number of restrictions regarding non-audit services can be supplied by the auditors. Most of the non-audit services have to be approved by the board before itself[13]. Responsibility of the auditorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s report mainly depends on what the auditor report will cover. The auditorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s report will have to cover six sections. First, it must contain observations, comments involving financial transactions. Second, they must cover qualification or the remark regarding the maintenance of the accounts. Third, whether there is adequacy of internal financial control systems and its efficiency. Fourth, it must contain the disclosure of pending litigation on the financial post. Fifth, it must explain the provisions made for foreseeable losses on a long term and sixth it must cover the delays in depositing money into the IEPF. IEPF is the I nvestor Education and Protection Fund which was established under section 205C of the Companies Act, 1956[14]. Under the second scheme, there must be a report made to the Audit Committee when it is related to fraud committed by the companies own employees against it and must be made to the central government if done frequently. The third scheme involves easier restructuring which refers to rationalizing multilayered structures[15]. Under these structures, it allows at most only two investment SPV company levels which are allowed between the investor company and the invested company. SPV is the special purpose vehicle which is a subsidiary of a company that tries to separate the risk from the parent company by looking after the assets and its liabilities through a separate balance sheet.[16]Exemptions can be given while acquiring overseas subsidiary with multilayers which is allowed by the foreign law and when multi-layering is considered by any law in force. Under this sche me, there is a need for simplifying procedures when it involves a merger which is provided under section 232 of the companies act, 2013[17]. The National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT) can approve the schemes made by the restructuring companies instead of the High Court (HC)[18]. The Auditor must ratify that the accounting treatment mentioned in the scheme made by these companies comply with the accounting standard for either the listed, unlisted or private companies. Also, for the merger to take place there must be consent from the majority of the members. The merger of the company is allowed to be under the unlisted companies only when there is an exit opportunity that is given to the public shareholders and when the valuation is done accordingly by the SEBI guidelines. Section 236 of the companies act, 2013 requires all shareholders owning more than 90% of the share capital will have to declare the intent to buy-out the balance equity shares. Under section 247, exit assessment ca n be done by the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Registered Valuerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ . The registered valuer is to issue mechanisms for the valuation of several assets and liabilities involving the company[19]. Under section 234, cross border merger is allowed which involves merger of an Indian company with a foreign company. Here, the central government has to make rules for consultation with the RBI and it is important that the merger is approved by the NCLT and the consideration can be made only in cash or depository receipts[20]. Under section 233 of the Companies Act, 2013; the merger between two companies without the approval of the NCLT is possible when there are two or smaller companies or when there is a holding and completely owned subsidiary or when there is prescribed types of companies. There must be a declaration of the solvency that has to be submitted. The consent has to be given by members who own more than 90% of the shares owned. Section 66 of the companies act requires that no share capital reduction will be allowed for a company that has overdue deposit. It does not allow buy- back within a year nor does it allow buy-back after three years from rectifying any defaults on deposits or term loans. In case of buy-back or capital reduction, there is a requirement of the auditorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s certificate involving conditions from either section 66 or 68. Buy-back is the repurchase of outstanding shares by a company in order to reduce the number of shares in the market and companies will attempt to buy-back in order to increase the value of the shares[21]. The fourth scheme is on emphasizing investor protection[22]. Section 188 of the Companies Act, 2013 permits transactions to be made in an ordinary course of business on armà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s length transactional basis. Armà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s length transaction is a transaction where there is no control over one another[23]. It is a transaction that is made between the seller and the buyer who act independently and are in no relation with each other[24]. Here there is no requirement to get the approval of the central government. Approval will be required from the board only when there are no transactions made in the ordinary course or is not at armà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s length. A special resolution is required for non- armà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s length transactions and if they are not in the ordinary courses where the share capital is greater than ten million or if the goods acquired, leasing of property transactions exceed 20% of the net worth or appointment to any office involving profits where the monthly payments is more than one lakh. Sections 125, 194 and 195 of the companies act, 2013 requires directors or the Key Managerial Personnel (KMP) to refrain from forward dealing or buying options in shares or debentures of a company. Here, Key Managerial Personnel are the employees of a company who have play as key players in the company and show great responsibility in the f unctioning of the company inclusive of protecting the interest of the stake holders[25]. Here, the forward deal is a transaction which includes the purchase or sale which comes with a settlement that will arise in the specified future[26]. Debentures hold no collateral and the only source of backing them is through the reputation of the issuer and buyers purchase debentures depending upon the issuer thinking that the issuer will not default on the repayment[27]. No employee or employer including the director and the KMPs having entry to information that is not public should be allowed to have insider trading relationships. Sections 241 to 246 of the Companies Act, 2013 specifies that members or the depositors have to declare to the tribunal if the company conducts have bias for their own interests. In case of fraudulent acts or any other wrongful acts, action suits can be filed on the company or its directors, the auditor or the audit firm and the advisor or the consultant. Only 10% of the members of the total number of members or 10% of the depositors of the total depositors or members who own more than 10% of the issued share capital or depositors who own more than 10% of the outstanding value of deposits are allowed to file an action suit. A companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s stocks owned by the shareholders that include both restricted shares as well as share blocks are the outstanding shares[28]. The Senior Fraud Investigation Officer (SFIO) is made a statutory body with important powers and under this scheme; the idea of fraud risk mitigation requires the compulsory establishment of mechanisms to directors or managers to report any kind of concerns. Under the next theme, it lays down mandatory management responsibility and wider director[29] where under section 149 of the companies act, 2013, there is stricter responsibility and accountability imposed by the code of professional conduct. A maximum of only five more years can be extended by another fi ve years only through a special resolution. The directors can be held liable for acts with knowledge and is extractable from the board and only with his consent. Under this scheme, declaration of independence is compulsory every year and stock options are not permitted when there are fees and commissions made from profits. All independent directors must hold an annual meeting and no non-independent directors or KMP or senior management are allowed. Section 177 of the companies act, 2013[30] explains the composition of the audit committee. It is compulsory for the mentioned companies to constitute an audit committee and there should be more than three directors with the majority being independent directors. Both the chairperson as well as the independent directors must be well efficient in reading and understanding financial statements. Finally, the responsibilities given to the audit committee is to recommend appointment, payment of the auditors and monitor their independence and efficiency. Then, examine the financial statements and the auditorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s report, approve party transactions, undertake asset valuation, assess internal financial controls and risk management systems and finally supervise the use of funds through public offers. Section 134 explains the contents in the directorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s report under which all companies require devised proper systems to ensure proper compliance with the laws made in India. Directorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s report must also include taking proper and sufficient care for maintaining ample accounting records for protecting assets and preventing and identifying fraud and must include the development and implementation of a risk management policy. In the report, the specified and listed companies must express that the internal financial controls are laid and are functioning efficiently and that the performance evaluation of the board members have been carried out. The final theme included for the corp orate governance in the companies act, 2013 is the inclusive CSR agenda[31]. The CSR agenda is the Corporate Social Responsibility which aims to help companies achieve in creating wealth jobs and answers to many challenges faced[32]. The CSR covers all companies if either the turnover is more than INR 10 billion or net worth is more than NR five billion or net profit is more than INR fifty million is fulfilled. The contribution made by the CSR is to be two percent of the average net profit before tax for three years. The contribution made will be listed under schedule VII. The board will appoint a three member CSR committee including an independent director where the committee will devise the CSR policy, recommend CSR activities and monitor CSR expenditure. There must be compulsory reporting on the CSR under section 135. When there is no requirement for companies to appoint independent contractors under section 149 but a company does go to the situation under section 135[33], the n it becomes compulsory for the company to appoint an independent contractor. When there is a failure to spend, reasons have to be disclosed and penalties to be imposed for non-disclosures. The Companies Act, 2013 brings about the changes to the structure of the board of directors. The companies act, 2013 requires the board of directors to be differentiated into resident director, independent director and a woman director[34]. The Companies Act, 1956 did not specify that companies should appoint independent directors but under new provisions such as in clause 49 of the Listing Agreement is a document in which the company will sign when it is being listed on the stock exchange and it promises to follow the rules and regulations set by the stock exchange[35]. [1] Ministry Of Corporate Affairs The Companies Act, https://www.mca.gov.in/MinistryV2/companiesact.html (last visited Nov 29, 2014). [2] Ibid. [3] Companies Act, 2013 2(4) part 2. [4]RAISING THE BAR ON GOVERNANCE COMPANIES ACT, 2013, https://www.kpmg.com/IN/en/Documents/Companies_Act_2013_Raising_the_bar_on_Governance.pdf (last visited Nov 30, 2014). [5] Ibid. [6]Companies Act, 2013, 2. [7] Companies Act, 2013, 129. [8]Consolidated Financial Statements Definition | Investopedia, https://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/consolidatedfinancialstatement.asp (last visited Nov 30, 2014). [9] Supra n(4). [10] Useful Life Definition | Investopedia, https://www.investopedia.com/terms/u/usefullife.asp (last visited Nov 30, 2014). [11] Companies Act, 2013, 131. [12] Supra n(4). [13] Ibid. [14]Investor Education and Protection Fund Archives Spotlight: National Portal of India, https://www.archive.india.gov.in/spotlight/spotlight_archive.php?id=21 (last visited Dec 6, 2014). [15] Supra n(4). [16] SPV financial definition of SPV, https://financial-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/SPV (last visited Dec 2, 2014). [17] Companies Act, 2013, 232. [18] Supra n(4). [19] Registered Valuers Under Companies Act, 2013, https://taxguru.in/company-law/registered-valuers-companies-act-2013.html (last visited Dec 2, 2014). [20] Supra n(4). [21]Buyback Definition | Investopedia, https://www.investopedia.com/terms/b/buyback.asp (last visited Dec 2, 2014). [22] Supra n(4). [23] Armà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Length Legal Definition, https://www.duhaime.org/LegalDictionary/A/ArmsLength.aspx (last visited Dec 2, 2014). [24] Armà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Length Transaction Definition | Investopedia, https://www.investopedia.com/terms/a/armslength.asp (last visited Dec 2, 2014). [25] Key Managerial Personnel Companies act 2013, https://www.corporate-cases.com/2012/07/key-managerial-personnel.html (last visited Dec 2, 2014). [26] Wh at is Forward Deal? definition and meaning, https://www.investorwords.com/2062/forward_deal.html (last visited Dec 2, 2014). [27] Debenture Definition | Investopedia, https://www.investopedia.com/terms/d/debenture.asp (last visited Dec 2, 2014). [28] Outstanding Shares Definition | Investopedia, https://www.investopedia.com/terms/o/outstandingshares.asp (last visited Dec 2, 2014). [29] Supra n(4). [30] Companies Act, 2013, 177. [31] Supra n(4). [32] European Commission PRESS RELEASES Press release Corporate Social Responsibility: a new definition, a new agenda for action, https://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_MEMO-11-730_en.htm (last visited Dec 4, 2014). [33] Companies Act, 2013, 135. [34] Companies Act 2013: Greater Emphasis On Governance Through The Board And Board Processes Corporate/Commercial Law India, https://www.mondaq.com/india/x/319480/Corporate+Governance/Companies+Act+2013+Greater+Emphasis+On+Governance+Through+The+Board+And+Board+Processes (last visited Dec 6, 2014). [35]What is Listing Agreement? definition and meaning, https://www.investorwords.com/10199/Listing_Agreement.html (last visited Dec 5, 2014).